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The Air Medal is a military decoration of the United States Military. The medal was created in 1942 and is awarded for meritorious achievement while participating in aerial flight.〔 ==Criteria== The Air Medal was established by , signed by Franklin D. Roosevelt, on 11 May 1942. The Air Medal was awarded retroactive to 8 September 1939. The medal is awarded to anyone who, while serving in any capacity in or with the Armed Forces of the United States, distinguishes himself or herself by meritorious achievement while participating in aerial flight.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Factsheets:Air Medal )〕 The original award criteria set by an Army Policy Letter (dated 25 September 1942) was for one award of the Air Medal...:〔(Distinguished Flying Cross and Air Medal Criteria in the Army Air Forces in World War II )〕 *per each naval vessel or three enemy aircraft in flight confirmed destroyed. (An entire aircrew would be credited for the destruction of a ship but only the pilot or gunner responsible would be credited for destroying an enemy aircraft). *per twenty-five (25) operational flights during which exposure to enemy fire is probable and expected. *per one-hundred (100) operational flights during which exposure to enemy fire is not expected. These criteria were later altered by the commanding generals of each numbered Air Force to fit the conditions of their theater of operations and to maintain morale. The Distinguished Flying Cross would usually be awarded for roughly twice to five times the requirements of the Air Medal. This led to automatic "score card" awards of the Air Medal and Distinguished Flying Cross for completing a set number of operational missions rather than distinguished service, meritorious action, or bravery as had been intended. On 5 August 1943 "score card" awards for completing a set number of operational flights were officially abolished by a Headquarters Army Air Forces Awards Board memorandum. This was due to the embarrassment when airmen who had received the Air Medal for "score carding" five missions or more being later removed from flying duties for "lack of moral fibre".〔 Commanders could still issue the awards on those grounds, but the recipient must perform exceptional or meritorious service as well. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Air Medal」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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